Effective Learning Techniques Promising Directions

Question: Examine about the Effective Learning Techniques for Promising Directions. Answer: Presentation Learning is a procedure that can be depicted as a method of securing information through encounters or study. It is essential that people dedicate numerous assets to guarantee that they accomplish their targets in the learning procedure. Numerous researchers have completed examinations to build up the best memory improvement procedures. The different memory improvement methods can be upheld by the different mental speculations that rouse the students subsequently permitting them to have great learning encounters. The speculations have a few varieties; thusly, they can be utilized exclusively or along with different hypotheses simultaneously. In any case, paying little heed to the hypothesis of decision, the use of the different memory improvement methods along with any of the pertinent speculations can be ensured noteworthy upgrades in their learning. Dynamic hypothesis, humanistic point of view hypothesis, and psychosocial thought processes hypothesis are tended to in the exposition on how they can best assistance understudies to learn in the college and past. Therapists have various hypotheses that clarify the conduct of people concerning the accomplishment of their objectives. For my case, I would pick three fundamental speculations to propel myself to use the different memory improvement strategies. These hypotheses are dynamic hypothesis, the humanistic point of view hypothesis, and the psychosocial thought processes hypothesis. The different speculations will be utilized to inspire the training recovery, decisions of learning, and circulated practice procedures individually. Dynamic hypothesis As per the dynamic hypothesis, individuals will in general pick their practices as guided by their involvement with dangerous or dubious circumstances (Burton, 2015). Accordingly, individuals choose what to do basing on the outcomes they need to accomplish. For this situation, more exertion might be spent in concentrating to guarantee that passing marks are accomplished in the different trains in the course. All things considered, practice recovery will be accentuated to guarantee that memory improvement is accomplished. The training recovery rule implies that understudies take in by reviewing data from memory. Studies demonstrate that recovery practice is more viable than re-examining. For example, an investigation was done to build up the best learning technique among members that utilized the recovery practice and those that utilized the restudying strategy. As indicated by the outcomes, the recovery practice gathered outflanked the restudying bunch regardless of being given four odds of re-perusing an entry (as refered to in Schwartz et al., 2011). The memory procedure will guarantee that the data read is gotten a handle on satisfactorily to set me up for the different tests that will be directed in school. Moreover, the hope hypothesis will assume a basic job in my future past the college. The explanation behind this case is the way that it will spur me to work better in my business to accomplish objectives, for example, advancement, pay increase, and different motivators. Humanistic point of view hypothesis The humanistic point of view hypothesis is the second hypothesis that will be fundamental in propelling the different memory improvement procedures. The hypothesis portrays how individuals will in general view and put importance to their conduct just as different people groups practices (Burton, 2015). Truth be told, one of the presumptions of the hypothesis is that individuals consistently endeavor to set up why others do what they do. As per the hypothesis, the reasons that direct individuals practices can influence their prospects also. Hence, it tends to be utilized connected at the hip with the judgment of learning since it can spur a person to perform better later on by making the correct judgment. These reasons have three key highlights, which are solidness, the locus of control, and controllability. The main component, which is dependability, includes issues, for example, the probability of an occasion to influence the future emphatically or contrarily (Burton, 2015). For example, bombing a test because of sickness isn't steady since the understudy can't surrender. From one perspective, in the event that a student fizzles and accepts he was not shrewd, at that point he will be demotivated, and this will be a steady attribution. The subsequent trademark, which is the locus of control, decides if the occasion was brought about by an inside or outer factor (Burton, 2015). For this situation, disappointments credited to outer factors, for example, poor educating don't impactsly affect the understudies. Then again, interior factors, for example, seeing one as being not brisk lead to demotivation. The third trademark, which is controllability, additionally assumes a basic job in deciding the inspiration of an individual (Burton, 2015). The explanation behind this is individuals will b e less spurred in circumstances whereby they believe they were in charge of the circumstance. Another significant reality about the humanistic hypothesis is that the more seasoned grown-ups will in general view information a noteworthy securing in their lives. All things considered, the grown-ups must be given improved memory procedures that tended to their particular needs. Hence, Gross et al. (2012) directed examination to set up the attribute of individuals and memory improvement programs utilized by more established grown-ups. It is accepted that memory improvement of a more established grown-up can be accomplished by different procedures, for example, the mental helper method. The mental helper systems utilized usually incorporate a mix of practice, arrangement, affiliation, focus, and symbolism (as refered to in Gross et al., 2012). The investigation strategy included a far reaching survey of the recently done explores before January 2010. In that capacity, just 33 out of the 402 looked into reads were incorporated for the assessment (Gross et al., 2012). The outcomes d emonstrated the requirement for preparing on more systems to upgrade memory improvement among more seasoned grown-ups. Psychosocial intentions hypothesis Then again, the psychosocial intentions hypothesis that accentuates that the most fundamental needs of people must be met first for them to be inspired to accomplish their objectives (Burton, 2015). All things considered, individuals will in general arrange their necessities in an order that is isolated into five levels. The levels are physiological, wellbeing, having a place, regard, and self-completion. In this manner, for an individual to accomplish their objectives, they should have great wellbeing, security, security, and great connections. The hypothesis is significant on the grounds that it can function admirably with the appropriated practice procedure. The hypothesis can be applied by organizing the different exercises set toward the accomplishment of objectives during the examination time frame. It will likewise help in making the controls, for example, when to examine, what to study, and how to concentrate to advance learning. The prioritization of the exercises worried ab out learning will guarantee that I accomplish my objectives in the college and finish my tests. Also, the hypothesis can be utilized along with the memory improvement procedures in the activity showcase. In the activity advertise, the different degrees of progression will help in spurring oneself to accomplish the different targets of the organization just as close to home objectives. The psychical hypothesis additionally works for connected at the hip with other memory methods, for example, those are down to earth arranged. As per Carpenter (2014), functional arranged learning strategies are progressively proficient in light of the fact that they assist students with picking up information quicker. In addition, different methods, for example, the utilization of cheat sheets utilized by certain understudies advance memory. Woodworker (2014) additionally advocates for the utilization of training recovery more than rehashing materials as observed in different examinations. All the more in this way, she asserts that the impacts of training recovery are best seen in more youthful students particularly in situations where the understudies were boosted. Besides, the hypothesis rouses a few other memory strategies that individuals will in general accomplish for meeting their essential needs that will in the long run lead to the accomplishment of their objectives. The strategies incorporate self-clarification, disseminated practice, watchword mental helper, rundown, rehashing, featuring, symbolism, work on testing, elaborative cross examination, and interleaved practice. A portion of the methods, for example, mental aide, dispersed work on, rehashing, and symbolism is like the ones introduced by different investigations, for example, the ones appeared by Gross et al. (2012) and Schwarz et al. (2011). The investigation by Dunlosky et al. (2013) is helpful due to the methodology used to introduce the different strategies. It depicts the methods and presents the impacts of the equivalent, execution issues, agent instructive settings, and in general appraisal. Ends Learning is a procedure that requires a few contributions to accomplish the ideal outcomes. One of the fundamental recourses required in learning is the memory. Accordingly, numerous individuals have built up a few strategies that can be utilized for memory improvement. Some mental hypotheses can be used along with the different techniques to inspire the students and guarantee they outdo their endeavors. The memory improvement procedures incorporate procedure material effectively, practice recovery, disseminated practice, metamemory, mental helper strategy, self-clarification, synopsis, featuring, among others. The different procedures can be persuaded through various hypotheses, for example, the dynamic hypothesis, the humanistic viewpoint hypothesis, and the psychosocial thought processes hypothesis. The utilization of the hypotheses and memory improvement methods will ensure great learning involvement with the college and past. References Burton, L. J. (2015). An intuitive way to deal with composing articles and examination reports in brain research (fourth ed.). Milton, QLD: Wiley Craftsman, S. (2014). Improving understudy learning in low-support and financially savvy ways. Diary Of Applied Research In Memory And Cognition, 2.

Cyber Security Challenge on Online Shopping-Samples for Students

Question: Talk about the Cyber Security Challenge on Online Shopping. Answer: Presentation The point of this report is to improve mindfulness on the digital security while doing web based shopping and making exchanges or paying for any item. One of the mainstream shopping entrances of UK has been picked in this task to look at its digital security framework and examination has been finished by ten friend investigated diaries dependent on the digital security mindfulness on internet shopping. Web has become an indispensable piece of the lives of residents of UK, web based shopping is pulling in different web clients due to their simple and quick movement and reactions on the item an individual need to purchase. This has increment the likelihood of more digital wrongdoing cases identified with the account and cash exchange. This report accentuations on the methods or ways by which an individual come over such digital wrongdoing issues with the reference of many experienced essayist and their friend surveyed diaries. ASOS Inside its motto find style online ASOS is one of the main and most loved online entryways for the residents of United Kingdom (UK). ASOS sells front line design and offer assortments of items identified with style which is making ASOS.com a center of flourishing style network. ASOS sell in excess of 80,000 marked items including its own-image items to versatile and web clients. It has extended market in UK, US, China, Europe and numerous different nations in the world(ASOS.com, 2017). The mission of ASOS is to turn into the universes number-one internet shopping goal for style adoring 20-something. It has in excess of 21 million adherents in the internet based life stages who drawing in with the association consistently. Writing Review It is the obligation of the advancement group of an association doing on the web business to be responsive and proactive towards the worry of security dangers in web based shopping and web based business where as customers ought to be careful while purchasing any online item (Damodaran Helminen, 2016). As per Clarke, Thompson and Birkin (2015) E-business is developing in an extremely quick way because of the choices of picking wide assortments of items and numerous advances which are new and imaginative are being associated with the expansion of internet business. A person of UK should peruse and execute the rules about making sure about systems and frameworks accessible for making sure about online exchange during shopping on the web for any item (Clarke, Thompson Birkin, 2015). They have proposed most recent proof of utilization designs in the UK populace by different relative charts and envisioned how quick web based shopping is spreading in the UK economy. Iqbal and Hunjra (2012) characterized web based business which is totally same procedure as internet shopping and expressed that web based shopping is a piece of web based business. They have dissected and looked at showcase status and investigation of various creating nations including UK dependent on accurate information. It was deduced in the paper that there is the need to expand ability for the improvement of IT security among the association and make databases more made sure about (Iqbal Hujra, 2012). Evaluating the yearly report of ASOS, different ups can be viewed as they have reinforced their devotion through circumspect IT security group (ASOS, 2017). This accentuations on moderating both inner and outside information and IT security dangers by expanding capacity of group by including master and experienced IT individuals. Relating this setting a paper was composed by Amer et al., (2013) which center around the addition of web based shopping practice by web clients and relative digital security dangers raised due to rehearsing web based looking for purchasing any item. This paper included internet business, online customer to make the theme a lot of clear. Paper has investigated propensities for web based shopping in UAE and recognizes the hole. Paper executed that dominant part of the populace isn't making sure about their system securely or there is exceptionally less mindfulness about the digital security among the populace. For this danger ASOS has made new improvement in the framework which was expressed in the yearly report was that, their controlling and handling inside the site was as a rule routinely checked and upgraded to guarantee the information of client and their data are suitable and conforms to relevant laws and desires for the client. Amer et al., (2013) breaks down the current arrang ements and lawful standards for the internet shopping and furthermore proposed new strategies that ought to be actualized in the framework to limit dangers of digital wrongdoing. Rahim et al., (2015) talked about that as digital security is certifiably not another subject along these lines different diary and analysts have just composed different article identified with this point. This causes them to distinguish extraordinary and new procedures to make approaches in improving the digital security. In this article youths were not the principle territory of conversation while entire gathering was engaged and planned for battling data fraud of any client (Rahim et al., 2015). Looking at yearly report of ASOS it was expressed that enormous speculations have been made in improving the security framework for the exchanges utilizing charge card with cutting edge encryption and ordinary testing of those encryption and to forestall any sort of un-approved access. New ready frameworks have additionally been embedded to caution if any un-approved access is being endeavored on the site. As depicted in the article online clothing retailing: jobs of e-shopping quality and experiential e-shopping intentions, Online shopping is getting developed as the time passes and development is easing back bringing a serious domain for the retailers in the market. Ha and Stoel (2012) expressed that specifically ventures or association watches call for better methodologies of comprehension of the impacts of highlights of internet shopping quality for purchaser fulfillment and related protections while taking attributes and data of the customer in thought. Essayists doesn't reach to any resolution however dependent on the confirmations proposed in the article it very well may be inferred that mindfulness about digital security is the need of the time, to improve the connection between the clients and retailers so as to set that mind towards great practices identifying with internet shopping and the retailers (Ha Stoel, 2012). It is the need of an opportunity to ensure classified information and data of an individual with respect to the digital security breaks that held in most recent couple of years (Franke Brynielsson, 2014). A writing survey found on Cyber situational mindfulness in which an audit on digital situational mindfulness have been proposed which depended on deliberate inquiries relating four driving logical databases. Franke Brynielsson (2014) had concentrated on various Cyber issues ascending on the planet including UK. Paper was brimming with confirmations that this danger has become a major issue identified with the security of an individual rehearsing internet shopping. This paper reasoned that there are numerous activities taken and a lot of works were devoted towards the familiarity with digital circumstances (Sasse, Bada 2014). They additionally reasoned that different security activities of various kind, offers specific enthusiasm on expanding security of individual data and different digital situational mindfulness. Another article discovered which was relative towards the attention to digital security among more established and more youthful grown-ups named Online Shopping Intention in the Context of Data Breach in Online Retail Stores (Chakraborty et al., 2016). This article accentuations on the choices taken dependent on the hacking occasions that as of late happens far and wide. This paper likewise constructs an exploration model on the commitment of people in online business in setting with the security dangers and information penetrate. Different age bunches were chosen in this article and approaches were made about the dangers and how much mindfulness required identified with the digital wrongdoing and digital security. Chakraborty et al., (2016) reasoned that consolidation of individual activities like observing ledger subtleties they have advanced more extravagant understandings on the protection and security of an individual considering internet shopping made by them. Sidi et al., (2013) likewise set forward their idea on this mindfulness in a paper in which offices of web based shopping and web banking were concerned subjects to manage in matter of web based shopping calling attention to their relative outcomes and dangers. In view of different confirmations like diagrams and measurements, they have presumed that digital wrongdoing is expanding in fast way and more noteworthy special endeavors are expected to build mindfulness among each gathering of individuals of the network (Sidi et al., 2013). End In light of the above report it very well may be reasoned that, as number of web clients is speeding up due to its simple access and bunches of advantages, there are heaps of outcomes of utilizing web. Web based shopping is the most widely recognized action a person of UK for the most part do when associated with the web yet there might be a few dangers identified with the digital wrongdoing. Each age gathering of individuals are utilizing web for shopping and making installment for the items without having legitimate mindfulness about what misfortune they can endure. There might be uncovering of individual data which might be exceptionally delicate like charge card subtleties and financial balance t subtleties which may bring about genuine misfortune to the person. Different friend investigated diaries have been proposed in the report to accentuation on how much digital security mindfulness is significant among the residents of UK so as to ensure their own data and be protected from digital wrongdoing exercises References: Amer, F., Abdulrahim, H., Juma, S., Rajan, A. V., Ahamed, J. (2013, December). Shopping on the web safely in UAE. InCurrent Trends in Information Technology (CTIT), 2013 International Conference on(pp. 153-160). IEEE. ASOS. (2017). Recovered 12 August 2017, from https://www.asosplc.com/~/media/Files/An/Asos-V2/2016-I

Cómo Elegir Una Computadora Portátil Para la Universidad

Cómo Elegir Una Computadora Portátil Para la Universidad He estado intrigado traveseando computadoras desde una edad temprana.  En la escuela intermedia intenté configurar un arranque con Windows XP y Ubuntu, pero metí la pata, corrompí mi instalación de Windows y me quedé sin un sistema operativo.  Después de tres días, a merced de How-To Geek y Super Usuario, finalmente la arreglé.  Así como me asustó tanto casi dañar la computadora de la casa, así también disfruté arreglarla y continuar traveseándola. Estudié en un colegio secundario técnico y vocacional Tecnología Informática.  Tomé clases de reparación de computadoras para prepararme para el examen de certificación de CompTIA A + y clases para la certificación en Administración de Redes de Sistemas CCENT de Cisco.   Desafortunadamente para mí, nuestra escuela se quedó sin vales para poder yo tomar estos exámenes, así que nunca me certifiqué pero pude aprender mucho y trabajé como técnico en computación para el Departamento de Tecnología del colegio durante mi último año escolar.  También empecé mi propio negocio desde mi casa de reparación de computadoras para recaudar dinero para la universidad. Para mí, la elección de una computadora portátil (Laptop) para la universidad fue fácil porque sabía más acerca de las especificaciones, que pensar que los números más grandes” significan una mejor computadora. Me compré una nueva Lenovo 11s Yoga por $800 dólares y era tan buena como las computadoras r ecomendadas por el servicio técnico de MIT, pero a mitad de costo.  Mi computadora portátil me sirvió bastante bien hasta este año cuando me comenzó a quemar píxeles, dejando imágenes fantasma en mi pantalla.  Esto sucede cuando constantemente se deja una imagen durante demasiado tiempo en la pantalla.  La garantía que le había comprado a mi laptop estaba cerca de expirar así que la llevé al Geek Squad a principios de julio.  Me dieron un estimado de tiempo de reparación de dos semanas. Cinco semanas más tarde, recibí una llamada telefónica de ellos diciendo que una de las piezas necesarias para la reparación ya no estaba a la venta.  Para mi suerte, me dieron crédito de la tienda para comprar una nueva computadora portátil.  Ahora estoy escribiendo desde mi nuevo Lenovo Yoga 2, que es dos veces mejor que mi computadora viejita y sólo me costó $100 más del crédito que la tienda me dió. He recibido muchas preguntas de los padres de MIT acerca de cuáles computadoras portátiles son buenas para sus hijos.  He recopilado a continuación todos los consejos que he dado a mis amigos y clientes en la compra de una computadora.  Espero que les ayude a tomar una decisión más informada. Warranties (Garantías) La mayoría, si no todas, las computadoras portátiles vienen con una garantía del fabricante que dice que van a reparar su computadora si una parte se encuentra defectuosa.  Pero las garantías del fabricante no cubren ccaídas, derrames o robos.  Revise los planes de protección de la computadora de su tienda para ver si son convenientes para usted.  Busque una garantía que le proteja en caso de derrames, caídas y el robo, sobre todo si va a llevar su computadora portátil en el campus de la universidad.  Algunas tiendas, como Best Buy, incluso le devuelven dinero en forma de crédito de la tienda para una computadora nueva si no pueden arreglar la computadora vieja. Las garantías de software que cubren análisis antivirus y copias de seguridad no son necesarias.  Usted puede aprender fácilmente esas cosas por si mismo.  Tuve que comprar una garantía de software cuando compré mi Yoga 11s hace dos años y nunca la usé. Mac o PC? La pregunta en la mente de todos y la respuesta que todo el mundo odia es:  depende. Un Laptop y un Macbook pueden funcionar exactamente igual, y el Macbook costará extra,no importa qué, sólo porque es un producto de Apple.  Apple controla estrictamente su software y hardware. El Macbook es más delgado y más ligero que la mayoría de las computadoras portátiles. Se siente mejor y es más resistente, con una cobertura de aluminio y un diseño elegante.  En el caso de la computadora portátil, debido a que sus partes tienen que ser compatibles e intercambiables, tienden a ser voluminosas y pesadas. Mac puede llegar a tener virus, ahora que los piratas informáticos son cada vez más inteligentes y las Macs son cada vez más comunes.  Con un Mac usted todavía necesita un buen antivirus. Algunos programas de software que se utilizan en la computadora portátil no funcionan en el Mac.  Los estudiantes del Curso 2 Ingeniería Mecánica deben estar conscientes de esto, como el software de modelado de Solidworks que sólo funciona en laptops. Consejos para estudiantes del Curso 2 escritos por Snively  en su blog del 2008 Laptops!  : Si usted va a ser un ingeniero mecánico debe evitar un Mac. Eso no quiere decir que no se puede tener uno, pero su vida será más fácil con una computadora portátil, la razón es que el software de modelado que va a utilizar (SolidWorks ) no es compatible con Mac. Fue diseñado específicamente para Windows y probablemente nunca será transferido. Dicho esto, se puede comprar un Macbook Pro arranque dual con Windows y luego instalar SolidWorks (de nuevo, MIT lo ofrece gratis). Va a necesitar un Macbook Pro, es el único de los tres tipos de Macs que tiene la memoria RAM y los gráficos necesarios para ejecutar cómodamente el software de modelado. El Air y el Macbook tenderán a retrazarse mucho”. Así que entre Mac vs PC, piense en el software que vaya a necesitar o usar y cuál de los dos le da el soporte técnico que necesita.  Después de eso, júzguelas por su estética y luego por todo lo demás, mire todas sus especificaciones. Ahora vamos a desglosar las piezas de la computadora: CPU UPC (Unidad central de procesamiento) El CPU procesa y da las instrucciones que recibe del código de programas de la computadora.  La gente se refiere a él como el cerebro de la computadora como una simple analogía, pero es más realmente una potente calculadora central. Busque un procesador Intel Core i5 o i7.  Si puede conseguir el i7 mejor, es más rápido pero más caro, éste será bueno para futuras actualizaciones aunque el i5 funciona igual de bien.  Cualquier procesador por debajo de este puede que sea utilizable pero será obsoleto en muy poco tiempo.  Si va a comprar una nueva computadora portátil, obtenga el valor de su dinero con un buen procesador i5 o i7. Ahora, está el Intel Core M en algunas de las nuevas tabletas Surface Pro.  Este es un procesador menos potente que el i5. Debido a que no se calienta tan rápido, no necesita su propio ventilador y esto permite que la tableta sea más delgada y más silenciosa. Escoja esta opción si usted está de acuerdo en tener una tableta/laptop con una diferencia pequeña de menos capacidad de rendimiento a cambio de un diseño más delgado y silencioso. La diferencia de velocidades de ambas es imperceptible para las tareas diarias. Los procesadores AMD son una opción conveniente para el presupuesto.  Los precios son más baratos, pero los UPC (CPU) de Intel son generalmente más potentes. RAM RAM es la cantidad de memoria principal que los programas de la computadora tienen disponibles para su uso.  Una computadora con 4 GB de memoria RAM significa que tiene aproximadamente 4 mil millones de bytes de memoria para ser utilizados por los programas.   Más memoria RAM no significa que los programas se ejecutarán más rápidos, solos que se pueden ejecutar más programas al mismo tiempo.  Si tiene 4 GB y está ejecutando un programa intenso que necesita 6GB, entonces sería una gran ayuda añadir más memoria RAM, ya que le da a su programa más memoria para trabajar.  Pero si usted tiene 4 GB y su programa sólo utiliza 2GB, agregar más RAM no hará que se ejecute más rápido, solo le permitirá ejecutar más programas simultáneamente. Dicho esto, si usted va a comprar una nueva computadora, debe prever para el futuro y comprar tanto RAM como usted puede pagar cómodamente.  A medida que avanzan los años, los mismos programas viejos necesitan más y más memoria para trabajar, ya que se vuelven más complejos.  Por ello, hoy en día hay una gran cantidad de computadoras que son muy lentas aunque no se tengan muchos programas instalados.  Es sólo que los programas en general requieren más memoria para funcionar hoy en día que la que requerían en el pasado. 4 GB de memoria RAM ha sido la norma desde hace años hasta ahora que las computadoras convencionales se han estado moviendo al territorio de los 8GB.  Las computadoras de alta potencia y para juegos de computadora ahora están incluso utilizando 16GB. IS T recomienda 8GB.  Eso es más que suficiente para hacer cualquier cosa, incluyendo SolidWorks y virtualización.  Con el paso del tiempo, los programas van a requerir más memoria RAM, 8GB por ahora deberá ser suficiente para utilizar durante los próximos cuatro años. Si usted ya tiene una computadora portátil de 4 GB puede utilizarla pero tenga en cuenta que posiblemente tenga que actualizarla en uno o dos años, especialmente si usted la utiliza con programas intensos como el Solidworks, como he mencionado repetidamente el Solidworks.  Si va a comprar una nueva laptop, no compre de 4GB, vaya por la de 8GB.  16GB es un lujo. Hard Drive (Disco duro) Los discos duros son los que almacenan sus datos.  Dentro de los discos duros hay pequeños discos.  Para leer los datos, los motores giran los discos físicos bajo las cabezas magnéticas de lectura / escritura.  Tener estas partes físicas moviéndose dentro de la unidad de disco duro es lo que limita su velocidad y los hace quebrarse con más frecuencia que otras partes. También existen las unidades de estado sólido o en inglés SSD (Solid-State Drive).  Estos discos duros no tienen partes móviles.  En su lugar utilizan circuitos electrónica construidos por semiconductores para almacenar datos.  Esto hace que sean más resistentes a los golpes y más rápido que los discos duros regulares. Al comprar una computadora, la pequeña tarjeta de información suele decir si el disco duro es un SSD.  Si no dice, se asume que no es un SSD. SSD son mucho más caros que los discos duros regulares.  Pero son una tecnología que es mucho mejor y que sustituirá los discos duros pronto.  Así que yo optaría por un disco SSD de 128 GB en lugar de un disco duro normal de 500 GB, si la diferencia en el precio no fuera mucha. Si tener un SSD es demasiado caro, busque unidades híbridas.  Ellas combinan ambas tecnologías juntas en un disco por un precio más económico. Para el tamaño de un SSD, 128GB suele ser suficiente.  Pero ahora que 256GB es cada vez más accesible, evalúe la cantidad de espacio de almacenamiento que usted utilizará y guarde archivos grandes como películas y otros en unidades de memoria USB (USB flash drives) o discos duros externos. Si usted decide quedarse con los tradicionales discos duros, obtenga el máximo valor de su dinero y no compre menos de 250 GB de espacio.  Incluso 1TB se puede conseguir súper barato en estos días. Unidad de DVD (Unidad de Disco Optico) Realmente no importa si usted tiene uno, siempre puede comprar una unidad de DVD externa por alrededor de unos $30. Ports (Puertos) Asegúrese de que tiene un puerto HDMI o mini HDMI (o un puerto Lightning para Mac).  Esto le permite conectarse a muchas de las pantallas de proyección o monitores externos en el campus. Usted no necesita un puerto Ethernet si tiene una tarjeta inalámbrica en su laptop. Definitivamente no necesita VGA, ya que está siendo eliminado. Tampoco esto es realmente tan importante a considerar, porque se venden una gran cantidad de adaptadores para los laptops que vienen con los todos los tipos de puertos. Video Card (Tarjeta de video) A menos que usted vaya a usar su laptop para juegos avanzados, entonces realmente no necesita preocuparse por con cuál tarjeta de video viene su laptop, la mayoría cubre todo lo fundamental.  Si usted va a utilizar su computadora portátil para juegos avanzados, entonces probablemente usted ya sepa de tarjetas de vídeo. Operating System (Sistema operativo) Por amor a los castores, no compre Windows Vista.  Hace unos años salieron una cantidad de equipos con Windows Vista a precios accesibles y eran terribles.  Yo tenía muchos clientes que querían que yo les hiciera sus computadoras más rápidas pero tenían Windows Vista así que no había mucho que pudiera hacer.  Aquellos eran tiempos oscuros. Me parece que los iconos del Windows 8 funcionan mucho mejor en las pantalla táctiles, incluso así era dudoso. Sin embargo Windows 10 es muy bueno.  Es una buena mezcla de Windows 7 y 8. Si tiene Windows 7, 8, o 8.1, puede actualizar a Windows 10 de forma gratuita. Screen (Pantalla) Considere el tamaño de pantalla que usted desea.  11 es por lo general el más pequeño que todavía es cómodo de usar, mientras que la pantalla más grande de 15.6 probablemente será demasiado grande para llevar a diario a sus clases. Si tiene Windows 8, busque que el laptop tenga una pantalla táctil (touch screen).  Windows 8 es insoportable sin una pantalla táctil.  Windows 10 es mejor al respecto, pero las pantallas táctiles son muy convenientes. Pensamientos finales Seleccione un laptop que tenga una batería con buena duración. Revise todas las especificaciones de la duración de la batería y lea los comentarios en el internet para ver si cumple con todas las especificaciones que están en la lista. Adquiera el hábito de hacer una copia de seguridad (Back-up). Salve sus archivos regularmente en una unidad de seguridad como Cloud y / o una memoria USB o discos duros externos.  Usted puede programar un horario para que la computadora haga una copia de seguridad automáticamente con los servicios de la central del servicio de MIT o de otros servicios en línea.  Yo respaldo mi información en el sistema Microsoft Onedrive y en un disco duro externo. Pruebe la computadora en la tienda antes de comprarla.  He tenido computadoras portátiles en mi carrito de compra en línea de la tienda Best Buy que tenían las especificaciones perfectas, pero cuando fui a la tienda, descubrí que en realidad la computadora se veía fea y era incómoda de usar. IST enumera algunas  directrices generales recomendadas para la compra de computadoras portátiles.  Son similares a las directrices que he dado anteriormente. Algunas tiendas como Best Buy y Office Depot tienen varias ofertas disponibles para los estudiantes al comprar sus computadoras portátiles.  Yo conseguí una devolución de $150 en la compra de mi laptop, gracias a un descuento de estudiante.  Pero tuve que preguntar exclusivamente por ese descuento. ¿Qué laptop conseguirte?  Hazme saber en los comentarios!

Using the PHP Rand() Functions to Generate Random Numbers

The rand() function is used in PHP to generate a random integer. The rand() PHP function can also be used to generate a random number within a specific range, such as a number between 10 and 30. If no max limit is specified when using the rand() PHP function, the largest integer that can be returned is determined by the getrandmax() function, which varies by operating system.   For example, in Windows, the largest number that can be generated is 32768. However, you can set a specific range to include higher numbers. Rand() Syntax and Examples The correct syntax for using the rand PHP function is as follows: rand(); or rand(min,max); Using the syntax as described above, we can make three examples for the rand() function in PHP: ?phpecho (rand(10, 30) . br);echo (rand(1, 1000000) . br);echo (rand());? As you can see in these examples, the first rand function generates a random number between 10 and 30, the second between 1 and 1 million, and then third without any maximum or minimum number defined. These are some possible results: 20442549830380191 Security Concerns Using Rand() Function The random numbers generated by this function are not cryptographically secure values, and they should not be used for cryptographic  reasons. If you need secure values, use other random functions such as random_int(), openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(), or random_bytes() Note: Beginning with PHP 7.1.0, the rand() PHP function is an alias of mt_rand(). The mt_rand() function is said to be four times faster and it produces a better random value. However, the numbers it generates are not cryptographically secure. The PHP manual recommends using the  random_bytes() function for cryptographically secure integers.

The Relationship Between Bipolar Disorder And Alcohol...

A patient is admitted to your floor with a history of alcohol abuse with emotional instability. The patient’s family reports they have noticed many changes in their loved ones life and presence. They report moods where he or she was overly joyous and then shifted to severe anger. As a nurse you wonder is there something else causing the patient’s emotional shifts. Bipolar disorder is a serious mental disorder that is characterized by sudden intense shifts in mood, behavior and energy levels (Dual Diagnosis, 2015). Alcohol use disorder is a condition that is diagnosed when a patient’s drinking causes distress or harm. Often both of these disorders can cause distress in various aspects on one’s life. What is the relationship between bipolar disorder and alcohol abuse in adults twenty to forty years old? Bipolar disorder has a lifetime prevalence in the United States of nearly 4% (CDC, 2013, October 4). Healthcare can be provided in various settings and consi st of various interventions. It is important for nurses to have a general knowledge of how to care for patients with both bipolar disorder and alcohol abuse. This is because we can come across these patients in various nursing specialties, in outpatient clinics, or in private practices. There are different degrees of bipolar disorder; including, Bipolar I, Bipolar II, cyclothymic disorder, and rapid cycling. Bipolar I is the most severe case and occurs more frequently in males. It is characterized by at least one weekShow MoreRelated mood, substance, and personality disorders Essay1729 Words   |  7 Pagesand Personality Disorders nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Do you know a person that has sudden mood swings? Do you wonder why they act like they do? Their actions could be a result of a type of mood disorder. Mood disorders are part of the Axis One disorders that are found in the DSM IV. Axis One is all categories of disorders except for personality disorders. People who have mood disorders are diagnosed to have a pattern of severe depressive and manic episodes. One major mood disorder that will be discussedRead MorePersonality Disorders : Borderline Personality Disorder926 Words   |  4 Pagespersonality disorder is the most frequent and the most severe of all personality disorders in clinical practice, it s a serious mental disorder with a characteristic pervasive pattern of instability in affect regulation, impulse control, interpersonal relationships, and self-image. It s characterized by severe psychological impairment and high mortality rate due to suicide. (Gado, 2016, p.47) Our group has chosen to focus and elaborate on some of the different personality disorders that exist asRead MoreBorderline Personality Disorder ( Borderline )872 Words   |  4 PagesBorderline Personality Disorder is a mental disorder characterized by instability in mood, impulsiveness, unstable relationships, and chronic emptiness. Borderline Personality Disorder affects approximately two percent of the population, and is predominately found in women. This disorder makes it difficult for people to understand social norms and the dynamics of relationships, so unpredictable and erratic behavior are common. Although Borderline Personality Disorder is incurable, it is treatableRead MoreMomie Dearest : Psychological Disorders In The Movie Mommie Dearest1168 Words   |  5 PagesPsychological disorder: According to the textbook, Psychology: Principles in Practices, they are behavioral patterns or mental processes that can cause personal suffering. With that being said, wouldn’t that mean that if a person had a psychological disorder, they would have a disturbance within them, or more importantly, their brain? A psychological disorder, by definition, are the behavior patterns or mental processes that cause serious personal suffering or interfere with a person’s day to dayRead MoreChild Abuse Is A Strict Subject Upon Our Society1751 Words   |  8 Pages Child abuse is a strict subject upon our society. Now days correcting your kids by spanking them when they do wrong is considered a form of abuse and can involve Child Protective Services. Many parents still believe that this is the correct way to discipline their children; however, to others this is a form of child abuse. There are many forms of abuse that children encounter such as emotional, physical and sexual. Depending on the severity of the abuse, it could potentially cause damage orRead MorePsychological And Emotional Hazards Of Nurses1612 Words   |  7 Pages PSYCHOLOGICAL AND EMOTION AL HAZARDS Like the general population, pilots are susceptible to the same psychological problems other people may encounter. Historically, pilots have had a deep distrust of psychologists and psychiatrists and are dismissive of psychological theories. This deeply rooted negative disposition most likely has been formed from bad experiences during training, licensing, selection, or during the routine tasks of managing daily personal problems. Pilots typically have a lowerRead MoreDescriptive Information On Bipolar Disorder2423 Words   |  10 Pages Bipolar Disorder For my research paper, I took the time to find descriptive information on Bipolar Disorder. It is often referred to as an manic-depressive illness. According to The National Institute of Mental Health definition, â€Å"Bipolar Disorder is a brain disorder causing irregular shifts in energy, moods, activity levels, and everyday functioning and completion of day to day tasks.† People diagnosed with bipolar disorder may go through periods of unusually intense emotion and changesRead MoreBorderline Personality Disorder ( Bpd ) Essay1772 Words   |  8 PagesBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by difficulties in regulating emotion. This difficulty leads to severe, unstable mood swings, impulsivity and instability, poor self-image, and troubled personal relationships. When Adolf Stern first coined the term border line in 1938, he used it to describe outpatients that did not fall into the standard classification system used in the psychiatric profession. Pat ients with this disorder had what he determined as, â€Å"associative thinkingRead MoreCaring for a Patient with Bipolar Disorder1992 Words   |  8 Pagespatient with bipolar I disorder. Keltner (2011) describes bipolar I disorder as â€Å"the most significant of these disorders. The patient experiences swings between manic episodes and major depression† (p. 291). According to Murphy (2006), â€Å"bipolar disorder can be like a roller-coaster, with exciting ‘highs’ and very frightening downhill plunges† (p. 58). Most patients are more likely to seek help when they are depressed or feel ‘bad;’ therefore, Goossens (2007) determines bipolar disorder is frequentlyRead MoreThe Most Effective Treatment Of Borderline Personality Disorder3392 Words   |  14 Pagespersonality disorder is defined in its most simplest sense as being a mental health disorder that generates significant emotional instability. [1] In sufferers it generates a wide range of symptoms typically characterised into three groups; Problems regulating emotions and thoughts; impulsive behaviour without thinking of the consequences of actions; and lastly unstable relationships. Evaluating the most effective treatment(s) for BPD remains a target for mental health services as the disorder is associated

Social Justice - Gender Example

Essays on Social Justice - Gender Book Report/Review Summary of Necropolitics, Narcopolitics, and Femicide: Gendered Violence on the Mexico-U.S. Border Necropolitics has been defined as synonymous to the idea of biopolitics or the used of the threat of violent death as a technique in governance. Necropolitics has prevailed because of drug gangs-related killings (narcopolitics) and massive, violent, and cruel deaths of women (femicide) on the Mexico U.S. boarder. In addition, violence and deaths were the results of government’s military strategy to disrupt the drug business. Since then, unprecedented violations of human and civil rights have been documented and a number of antifemicide activists also emerged to fight for social injustice and legal reforms concerning gender as the notion of masculinity contributed to violence and state-sanctioned impunity. In line with the idea of necropolitics, narcopolitics, femicide, and gendered-violence, Wright (2011) geared towards the demonstration of how antifemicide movements led to a dem ocratic Mexican state despite violence and how politics of gender are related to necropolitics (709). Supporting literatures from a number of scholars such as Mbembe, Michael Hardt, and Antonio Negri identified politics to the work of death where dead bodies served as the basis for occurring femicide and rational drug lords. The dead bodies provided the gender, location, scars, and mutilations associated with gendered violence. The discovery of these bodies was also significant in designing measures to protect the lives of Ciudad Juarez residents, advocating human rights, and understanding citizenship movements. This has also become a tool to understand that violence is perpetuated by businessmen who are engaged in illegal transactions and possessed masculine traits of competition, rationality, and violence. Therefore, the politics of death and the politics of gender go altogether wherein gender is central to the state’s production and their subject’s reproduction. Wor ks CitedWright, Melissa W. â€Å"Necropolitics, Narcopolitics, and Femicide: Gendered Violence on the Mexico-U.S. Border.† Journal of Women in Culture and Society (2011) (36)(3): 707-731.

Quantitative and Qualitative Mixed Models data Analysis

Question: Describe about the main ideas of Quantitative and Qualitative Mixed Models data Analysis methods? Answer: Section 1 Literature review and ANOVA Mixed model data analysis is consist with the two main important analysis processes such as qualitative data analysis and quantitative data analysis. When we get the output for an experiment as a number or quantity, then we use the quantitative data analysis. There are several data analysis process or methods are available for quantitative data set. We can perform descriptive statistical analysis or inferential statistical analysis which is depends on our research question. Sometimes, we get the qualitative data for some experiments and for this qualitative data; we cannot use all the methods which are useful for the quantitative data analysis. We use other statistical data analysis methods for the qualitative data analysis. There are several data analysis methods are available for the qualitative data analysis. For some experiment, we have available both types of data, that is, experiment produces qualitative and quantitative data at the same time, then we need to use the both types of data analysis methods, this types of data analysis is called as the mixed models data analysis. In the mixed model data analysis, the primary step is to identify the variables for which we want to study or analyse the data regarding some particular variables. To decide or fix our goal or aim is very important in the mixed model data analysis. For the both qualitative and quantitative data analysis, collection of data is very important step for further research. Without data we cannot draw the conclusions regarding our hypothesis or claims regarding the different variables under study. Collection of data consist of several methods, we can use different sampling methods for collection of data. it was found that if we get the big sample, then we get more accurate results. Also, collection of data in the systematic format is very important. It is very useful to divide the data according to different categories. Sometimes, in the qualitative data analysis, we are not given any catego ries or label, then we need to divide the variable according to categories, label to these categories and coding is also important in the qualitative data analysis process. After collection of data, for the quantitative data analysis, we simply apply the different descriptive statistical methods and inferential statistical methods. We can calculate the different values for parametric estimation or descriptive statistics. We can use the non-parametric methods sometimes. For the qualitative data analysis, we can apply different qualitative data analysis methods and then we can calculate the desirable statistic value for proving our goals or aims regarding the hypothesis or claims stated by researcher. After both types of data analysis, we can draw the conclusions for given variables or claims regarding the variables under study. In the descriptive statistics, we study the mean, mode, median, minimum, maximum, standard deviation, variance, range, skewness, kurtosis etc. There are lot of statistical softwares. We can use these softwares for getting the descriptive statistics values for the further analysis. In the inferential statistics, we apply the different statistical hypothesis tests for the given data. Selection of the proper test is very important in proving the claim or hypothesis under study. If we select the improper statistical tests, then we cannot get the correct conclusions. There are so many hypothesis tests are available and after checking all assumptions for using any particular test, we can apply this test to the given data and we can draw the conclusions for the given hypothesis stated for the test. After deciding the appropriate test, it is important to establish the null and alternative hypothesis for this test. This is nothing but the deciding our claim regarding the variable under study. After deciding our claim, we have to fix some level of significance or alpha value for the test. This is important because it gives us reliability or accuracy about the results of the test. In most of the times we take the level of significance as 5% or 0.05. Next step in the testing of hypothesis is to find the test statistic value and we can find this test statistic value by calculating the given formula for the test statistic. After finding the value for the test statistic value, we can find the p-value for the given value by using some statistical tables. Then we compare this p-value with the given level of significance or alpha value and then we take the decision regarding the null hypothesis according to the decision rule for the rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothesis. The decision rule for the rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothesis is given as below: Decision rule: We reject the null hypothesis if the p-value is the less than the given level of significance or alpha value and we do not reject the null hypothesis if the p-value is greater than the given level of significance or alpha value. Now, we have to see what is the ANOVA is. If we are given the two samples for testing the averages or means regarding the population data, then we can use the t test or z test. We can only use the z or t test when there are two samples. But many times, we need to compare more than two samples for the population means or averages for the given data set. In this condition, we use the ANOVA test instead of using the z or t test. Before applying the ANOVA test, we need to check some assumptions for this test. The null and alternative hypothesis for this test is given as below: Null hypothesis: H0: All population means for the all variables are same. Alternative hypothesis: Ha: All population means all variables are not same. We can also write these hypotheses as below: Null hypothesis: H0: There is no any significant difference in all population means. Alternative hypothesis: Ha: There is significant difference exists in the given population means. After applying this test, we get the test statistic value F for this test and then we can find the p-value for this test. At last, after comparing the p-value with the given level of significance or alpha value, we can take the decision about the null hypothesis regarding the given variables under study. Tests of independence In the quantitative and qualitative data analysis, sometimes we need to use the tests of independence for the given two categorical variables. In this test we check the claim that whether the given two categorical variables are independent or not. For example, we can check the hypothesis that the gender and education are independent from each other. One of the main important tests in testing the independence between two categorical variables is the chi square test for independence. Let us see this in detail given below: Chi square test for independence For checking the independence between the two categorical variables, we use the chi square test for independence. We use this chi square test for independence for the given two categorical variables from the single population. By using this test, we check the claim whether there is any association exists between the given two categorical variables or not. This test consists of some steps. First of all, preparation of the null and alternative hypothesis is very important because we have to decide what we have to prove by using this test. Then after, we fix some level of significance or alpha value for this test. Next step is to find the test statistic value for this test by using the formula given for this test. After finding the test statistic value, we find the p-value for this test. Then after, we can simply compare this p-value with the given level of significance or alpha value, and then we can take the decision regarding the null hypothesis for whether reject the null hypothesis or do not reject the null hypothesis that the given two categorical variables are independent. Also, there are some other tests for checking independence. We need to use these tests for independence according to available data and assumptions or conditions. Section 2 For the section 2, we have to search the five journal articles from the EBSCO or Google scholar. The following articles are taken from the Google scholar. Let us see all these articles step by step given below: 5 journal articles Article 1: Objectively Measured Sleep Characteristics among Early-Middle-Aged Adults The CARDIA Study Abstract In this article, the researcher finds out the relationship between the number of hours a person sleeping and the risk of cardiac problems. Researcher collects the data of 669 participants in the year 2003 to 2004 and then researcher use this data for statistical analysis. After doing this statistical analysis, researcher draw the conclusions about the relationship between the number of hours person sleeping and the risk of cardiac problems. For this research, researcher used the data of the early middle aged adults. https://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/164/1/5.short Article 2: Sleep Habits and Patterns of College Students: A Preliminary Study Abstract: For this article, researcher studies the sleep habits and patterns of college students. Researcher collects the data for the number of hours student sleep and the marks obtained by the student in the college courses. Then researcher do some statistical analysis and draw some conclusions regarding the numbers of hours student sleeps and the marks obtained by student for different college courses. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07448480109596017#.VOHIeO_MT4g Article 3: Education and Stratification in Developing Countries Abstract This article is based on the study of education and inequality in development in regions. Also this article focuses on the relationship between the educational background and the families financial condition. For this purpose, researcher collects the data for some developing countries and then researcher do some statistical analysis and check his claims. After his research, he found that there is financial gap or economic gap in the different regions due to the education level of families in these regions. https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2678615?sid=21105361939691uid=4uid=2 Article 4: Wealth, Expenditures And Decision-Making For Education Abstract: This article is based on the wealth, expenditures and decision making for education. Researcher collects the data regarding the wealth; expenditure and education from some region and then researcher do some statistical data analysis. After doing this data analysis, researcher points out the some relationship between these three factors. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED001243 Article 5: A simulation study of crop growth and development under climate change Abstract: In this article, the researcher provides the simulation study of crop growth and development under the different climate change. Researcher collects data from different climatic conditions for the some crop and then researcher finds out that what is the effect of climate changes on the total yield of the crop production and the crop development. For this study, researcher used the different statistical regression models. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0168192395022864 Section 3 In this section, we have to discuss the two articles out of five articles given in the second section. We select the article 1 and 2 for discussion. Let us see the discussions for these articles in detail: Article 1: Objectively Measured Sleep Characteristics among Early-Middle-Aged Adults The CARDIA Study Abstract Researcher collects the data for the number of hours the person sleep and the risk of cardiac problem. Researcher collects the data for the year 2003 2004. Researcher collects the data for the early middle aged adults. Researcher collects the data for the 669 participants. Researcher collects the data regarding to the time in bed, time required to fall asleep, sleep duration and sleep efficiency. All the participants were of the age group 38 50 years. out of the 669 participants, 58% were women. The percentage for the black persons was 44%. For this data, researcher get the mean time in bed was 7.5 hours with the standard deviation 1.2 hours. Researcher found the mean sleep latency time as 21.9 minutes with standard deviation 29 minutes. The mean sleep duration was found as 6.1 hours with the standard deviation 1.2 hours. Mean sleep efficiency was found as 80.9% with standard deviation 11.3%. Also it was found that average sleep duration for white women as 6.7 hours and for white m en, it was observed as 6.1 hours. For black women, it was 5.9 hours and for black men, it was observed as 5.1 hours. Researcher concluded that sleep duration and quality have the consequences for health and it is strongly associated with the race, sex and socioeconomic status of the person. https://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/164/1/5.short Article 2: Sleep Habits and Patterns of College Students: A Preliminary Study Abstract: For this article, researcher collects the data for the college students for the total number of student sleeps and the marks obtained in the college courses. Data is collected for some US college students. Data is collected from the rural and urban areas for checking the relationship between the college performance and the regions. Also, researcher suggest that how the colleges and university officials alter procedures to minimize students sleep disturbances and reduce the deleterious effects of sleep problems on the academic performance. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07448480109596017#.VOHIeO_MT4g References: 1. David Freedman, Robert Pisani, Roger Purves, Statistics, 3rd ed., W. W. Norton Company, 1997.2. Morris H. DeGroot, Mark J. Schervish Probability and Statistics, 3rd ed., Addison Wesley, 2001.3. Leonard J. Savage, The Foundations of Statistics, 2nd ed., Dover Publications, Inc. New York, 1972.4. Robert V. Hogg, Allen T. Craig, Joseph W. McKean, An Introduction to Mathematical Statistics, 6th ed., Prentice Hall, 2004.5. George Casella, Roger L. Berger, Statistical Inference, 2nd ed., Duxbury Press, 2001.6. David R. Cox, D. V. Hinkley, Theoretical Statistics, Chapman Hall/CRC, 1979.7. Peter J. Bickel, Kjell A. Doksum, Mathematical Statistics, Volume 1, Basic Ideas and Selected Topics, 2rd ed. Prentice Hall, 2001.8. T. S. Ferguson, Mathematical Statistics: A Decision Theoretic Approach, Academic Press, Inc., New York, 19679. Harald Cramr, Mathematical Methods of Statistics, Princeton, 194610.Laubach RS, Koschnick K. Using Readability: Formulas for Easy Adult Materials. Syracuse, NY: New Readers Press, 1977. 11. SPSS-X Users Guide. 3rd edition. Chicago. IL: SPSS, Inc., 1988. 12.Doak L, Doak C. Patient comprehension profiles: recent findings and strategies. Patient Couns Health Educ. 1980;2:1016. 13.Anthony, R. N. and Herzlinger, R. E. (1980). Management Control in Nonprofit Organizations. Homewood, Ill: Irwin. 14. Balderston, F. E. (1975). Managing Today's University. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Earnings Differentials for Women by Full

Introduction In the last 50 decades, there has been a huge shift in the roles of men and women as was previously defined in the traditional societal structure. Initially, women were supposed to take care of children at home, and do other house hold chores. However, this changed drastically within this period, and with policies like the affirmative action, women have gained access to the corporate world.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Earnings Differentials for Women by Full-Time or Part-Time Work specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Currently, women can do virtually anything that men do and they earn just as much as men. The stigmatization has completely died down and the society has come to accept this new role of women. Although some societies, majorly in the Muslim world are yet to give women full liberation, many countries have liberated their women to go after their dreams to the highest limits possible. One such country is United Kingdom, which had even had a woman as their head of state. This was a sign that the limits that were put for women were completely brought down. In their different professions, women earn differently based on a number of factors. Holbrook (2003, p. 45), in his work titled allure of 100 hours a week, says that there is a new crop of women coming up with new zeal to their different professions. When women decided to storm into what was initially a preserve for men, men felt threatened and thought that they would be displaced by these women who, by look of things, were as good in performing their duties as men, but look a little more determined than men. They therefore thought that the only way to beat women in this was to work for an extended period after the normal period in order to be at the top when the pay day comes. This was done bearing in mind that women would be forced to leave for home by five in the evening, specifically because of the need to take care of the children who were left at home. However, this new crop of women has proven beyond reasonable doubt that they are willing to do anything just to ensure that they earn good money.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This paper seeks to analyze earning differentials for women by full time or part time work. Rationale For a long time, the issue of earnings has raised a lot of heat among different individuals in different places. Labor laws have been developed as a way of regulating they pay of employees to ensure that they do not demand for too much than they can be given by their employers, and that the employers do not give too minimal salaries than should be expected. This ensures a tradeoff between the two. However, because some employees work on full time, while others work on part time basis, there results in earning differentials between the two groups. This st udy seeks to analyze this difference to ascertain the reason behind this and which of the two groups earn better. This study would therefore help explain the reason why many female workers are currently going for part time jobs and not full time. It would help bring out the reasons behind the current popularity of part timers at many of the firms within various cities in the United Kingdom and other developed countries. It would also help explain who stands to benefit between the employer and the employee in the two outfits. Research questions and hypothesis Flint, Woodruff, and Fisher (2002, p. 67) say that a good research should be pegged on one or two specific questions that the researcher seeks to find their answers. This scholar says that research is like a sea of knowledge which is as interesting as they are useful. Getting into a research process without a clear research question would be very dangerous because the researcher would meet many interesting information, most of w hich are irrelevant to the research but appear important all the same. In such a case, the researcher may be tempted to explore such irrelevant information, making him or her drift away from the main focus of the research. In this study, the researcher developed some questions that would help in maintaining the focus of this research.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Earnings Differentials for Women by Full-Time or Part-Time Work specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More How much, on average, do a full time female worker earn in United Kingdom? How much, on average, do a part time female worker earn in United Kingdom? Which of the two groups earn higher and why? The above questions would lead us to three hypotheses that the researcher would be confirming or rejecting in the dissertation of this proposal. The hypotheses are as below: H10. Full time female workers do not earn more than part time female workers in Unite d Kingdom H1a. Full time female workers earn more than part time female workers in United Kingdom. H20. There is no comparable difference in earnings of female full time and part time workers in the United Kingdom H2a. There is comparable difference in earnings of female full time and part time workers in the United Kingdom The above hypothesis would help reach out for the desired conclusion in the research dissertation. Scope The purpose of a research is always to help further information available in a given field. A research would always be useful to various individuals in various categories.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In every research, it would therefore be appropriate that the researcher categorically states the scope of his work in order to help guide users of the paper (Kotler, Keller, Brady, Goodman, Hansen 2009, p. 78). The scope would help such users determine relevance of the paper to his or her field or scenario. This research would be conducted in various cities in United Kingdom. Therefore, it would only be applicable to this setting or a setting in any other nation with a setting that bears resemblance to that of United Kingdom. Our scope was also limited to women, and therefore it may not be appropriate for use in case the other gender in involved Literature Review Issues concerning pay have elicited debate from various quarters. Many scholars have therefore come forth to research on various pay related issues in order to ascertain factors that play off in the process of compensation of workers for their labor input. As Cunningham (2000, p. 36) reports, the cost of living has skyroc keted over the few past years. United Kingdom is one of the nations with the highest cost of living in the world. Because of this, employees have had to demand for a higher pay in order to cater for the extended cost of living. Because many firms may not be able to compensate for the amount of money that an employee would demand, there has been a new trend of workers who prefer working in multiple places in order to earn livelihood. This has seen the number of part time workers increase (Gilbert 2001, p.75). As this scholar notes, in such cases, an employee would be in position to work in more than one place. Cohen, Minion and Morrison (2000, p. 92) agree with this scholar. He says that currently, many employees prefer to work on a part time basis. This would allow them to work in two or more different places, hence earn enough money to cater for increased expenses. The category of workers who prefer these part time jobs are relatively younger. Briggs (1986, p. 94), referring to thi s group as the young and the restless, says that part time jobs offer them job satisfaction. According to him, these youngsters cannot withstand the idea of having to work at the same place over the years. They prefer to move from one job to other always meeting new challenges in their various assignments. According to Bailey (1996, p. 71) the older generation differs from this younger one in various aspects. The older generation looks for assurance. They want to be assured that their work is secure and that under no circumstance would they be laid off unless they are compensated for this. They therefore go for permanent and pensionable jobs under full time basis. The two groups differ in what they are looking for in life. According to Adam and Healy (2000, 58), as the older generation look for job assurance, the younger individuals want fun and challenges in their duties. Because of this, they would prefer different job settings. Ahmed and Rafiq (2002, 19) say that the two groups w ould earn differently based on different parameters. An employee who works on a full time basis is likely to get promotions at a faster rate than the one on a part time basis. These promotions come with increased allowances and the basic pay. As such, an employee who is on a full time basis would earn more than a fellow employee who is working under part time basis in the same firm. However, a full time employee would be tied to the job the whole day and may not be in a position to work in other places. On the contrary, an employee who is on a part time basis can work in to or more other places. Such an employee may end up carrying a larger amount of money home, because from each employer, there is the least amount stated by the law that he or she must get. Andreson, Narus, and Rossum (2010, p. 104) however, do not agree with this notion. They say that an employee who works full time has a better chance of raising the firm leadership ladder hence advancing the career. As such, their earning would be way beyond part time worker, even if such a worker were to get more than two employers. As Atkinson (1990, p. 59) says, because the society has changed and women are determined to be their families breadwinners, they find themselves in the above two categories. This scholar says that younger women would prefer part time jobs as opposed to full time jobs. They have their families to take care of and other obligations. As such, they need jobs that would earn them as much money as would be possible yet gives them time to meet other obligations.. Research Methods This chapter focuses on various aspects of research development. It includes methods of data collection, analysis and presentation. Every research project applies a certain research method to achieve its objectives depending on its goals. The methods used to conduct research in this project compared closely with the methods proposed in the project proposal (Barnes, Blake, Pinder 2009, p. 78) In research, desi gn deals primarily with aims, uses, purposes, intentions, and plans within the practical constraints of time, location, money, and availability of staff (Best 2009, p. 57). In this study, respondents will be briefed in advance. The officials of various identified firms will be given relevant notice by the researcher. The study population will also be amicably informed in order to get prepared for the study. Briefing is important because it would enhance reliability of the study. It is also ethical to inform people before researching on them. The findings would also made public to the researched as one way of ensuring morality in the study. Furthermore, the researcher will observe researcher-researcher ethics by keeping away from criticism. The response rate is expected to be high because the researcher will insist that the study is meant for purely academic purposes. This is expected to encourage many of the respondents to fill in their questionnairs. Research Model This research wo uld utilize quantitative research methods in conducting the study and collecting data (Frankfort-Nachmias Nachmias 1992, p. 70). Quantitative research will be used althrough because it aims at summarizing data mathematically. In this regard, the research took the form of a survey, whereby the researcher identified some individuals and posted questionnaires to them. The sampled population was selected randomly in order to eliminate biases. The researcher made follow-ups by conducting respondents on phone. Interviewing is another method of data collection that was used in this research. The researcher extracted more information from respondents by calling them. Sampling Methods The most applicable sampling method for this exercise was random sampling. Considering that the targeted population consisted of staff in the housekeeping section, there was no much risk of having biased data. If the survey needed to cover the entire staff of the identified firms, systematic sampling coupled w ith stratified sampling would be ideal to ensure cross-departmental representation. However, this survey targeted a section of the staff hence random sampling proved sufficient to collect required data. Secondary Data Used Secondary data for analysis in this project came from various publications. These included reports, journal articles and research publications. Most of it related to the work that other researchers in the field of motivation undertook. The other areas where the literature review covered include theories of motivation and the application of performance pay in various institutions. The nature of material used varied. Journals dealing with specific aspects of motivation provided specific information on specific research elements investigated by researchers. Some reports from intergovernmental organizations proved useful in providing information on the application of performance related pay (Cukor-Avila 2000, p. 39). From these sources, several findings came to the fo re. Primary Data The online questionnaire provided the means of collecting primary data for this project. The survey would cover 15 employees working across various shifts at the identified firms in various departments. This sample is representative of the entire study population. The choice of respondents was by random sampling based on the individual’s willingness to participate. The questionnaire had a mixture of open ended and closed ended questions (Fifield 2007, 50). This design enabled the study to provide as much detail as possible while eliminating the risk of high variance in responses. The administration of the questionnaires took place online because of varying working hours. In addition, it eased access to the questionnaire. After filing in the soft copy, respondents sent it to a designated email address. This measure resulted to reduced costs transport and accommodation. The expenses could be occasioned by physical administration of questionnaires. Moreover, it saved research time because it was easy to transfer the information from a soft copy to the analysis software because the findings were analyzed using a software referred to as SPSS. Finally, it did not generate any paper waste hence contributing to environmental conservation. Validity and Reliability Reliability means appropriateness, applicability and truthfulness of a study. It is the ability of research instruments to produce results that are in agreement with theoretical and conceptual values. In this study, internal validity was ensured through checking the represenativeness of the sample. The researcher ensured that the sample used captured all important characters in the entire stdudy population (Dubois, Jolibert, Muhlbacher 2007, p. 79). External validity was ensured through triangulation that is, the researcher used more than one technique in collecting data. External validity was also guaranteed by asking respondents to give their views. Reliability means that the study is consistent and lacks any ambiquity. It is related to the accuracy of instruments that is, how accurate the measuring device is in measuring what it claims to measure. In this study, it was achieved through increasing verifiability of the perspective. The researcher adopted the principles of coherence, opennes and discourse in order to guarantee reliability. Access The research would take place in three cities in United Kingdom: London, Manchester and Liverpool. The researcher intends to identify two firms in each city where our research would be based. In the identified firms, the researcher intends to have two groups of respondents who would be sampled for the research process. As Edkins and Maja (2009, p. 78) note, at times it may not be easy to reach out for the respondents that are required for a given research. They may be too busy to participate on the research or just unwilling to participate in it for one reason or the other. Having taken this in mind, the researcher ensu red that all the participants that were needed for this research were appropriately involved to ensure reliability. The researcher would seek permission from the identified firms’ authorities and then approach the respondents as individuals. As explained above, the researcher intends to explain to them the purpose of this study and assure them confidentiality in their work (Eggert Ulaga 2002, p. 83). Through this, the researcher aims to gain access to all participants that would be needed in this research. This would help in ensuring that the data collected would be a representation of the entire population. List of References Adam, F Healy, M 2000, A Practical Guide to Postgraduate Research. Blackhall Publishing, Dublin. Ahmed, K Rafiq, M 2002, Internal Marketing tools and concepts for customer-focused management, Butterworth Heinemann Elsevier, Oxford. Andreson, JC, Narus, AJ Rossum, W 2010, â€Å"Customer Value Propositions in Business Markets†, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 1, no. 3, pp 91-99. Atkinson, P 1990, The Ethnographic Imagination: Textual Constructions of Reality Routledge, London. Bailey, A 1996, A Guide to Field Research, California, Forge Press, Pine. Balnaves, M Caputi, P 2001, Introduction to Quantitative Research Methods: An Investigative Approach, Sage Publications, London. Barnes, C, Blake, H Pinder, D 2009, Creating Delivering your Value Proposition, Kogan Page, London. Best, RJ 2009, Market-Based Management Strategies for Growing Customer value and Profitability, New Jersey, Pearson. Briggs, C 1986, Learning How to Ask: A Sociolinguistic Appraisal of the Role of the Interview in Social Science Research, CUP, Cambridge. Bryman, A 2001,Social Research Methods, OUP, Oxford. Cohen, L Minion, L Morrison, K 2000, Research Methods in Education (5th Edition) GB, Routledge, Falmer. Cukor-Avila, P 2000, Rethinking the Observer’s Paradox, American Speech, 75/3, 253-4. Cunningham, B 2000, The stress management sourceboo k, Free Press, Los Angeles. Dubois, P, Jolibert, A Muhlbacher, H, 2007, Marketing Management A Value-Creation Process, Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan. Edkins, J Maja, Z 2009, Global Politics: a New Introduction Routledge London. Eggert, A Ulaga, W 2002, â€Å"Customer-perceived value: a substitute for satisfaction in business markets?† Journal of Business Industrial Marketing, Vol. 17, no. 2, pp 107-125. Fifield, P 2007, Marketing Strategy: The Difference between Marketing and Markets, Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford. Flint, DJ, Woodruff, RB Fisher, GS, 2002, â€Å"Exploring the phenomenon of customers’ desired value change in a business-to-business context†, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 66 no. 4, pp 102-117. Frankfort-Nachmias, C Nachmias, D 1992, Research Methods in the Social Sciences, Edward Arnold, London. Gilbert, N 2001, Researching Social Life, Sage, London. Holbrook, MB 2003, Customer value and auto ethnography: subjective personal introspec tion and the meanings of a photograph collection, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 58, no. 1, pp 45 – 61. Kotler, P, Keller, KL, Brady, M, Goodman, M Hansen, T 2009, Marketing Management, Prentice Hall, Harlow. This proposal on Earnings Differentials for Women by Full-Time or Part-Time Work was written and submitted by user Emelia H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Anglo Saxon

The Anglo-Saxon period extends from about 450 to 1066, the year of the Norman-French conquest of England. The Germanic tribes from Europe who overran England in the 5th century, after the Roman withdrawal, brought with them the Old English, or Anglo-Saxon, language, which is the roots for Modern English. They also brought a specific poetic tradition which is the formal character of which remained surprisingly constant until the termination of their rule by the Norman-French invaders six centuries later. Britain in the third and fourth centuries felt the decline of the Roman Empire. An official known as the count of the Saxon Shore oversaw defenses against raids by Saxons and others along the North Sea coast. Would-be emperors stripped Britain of its occupying forces, moving the legions elsewhere to serve their own political ambitions. In 410 Rome abandoned Britain. After nearly four centuries of occupation, it left little that was permanent: an excellent network of roads, the best Britain would have for 1400 years; the sites of a number of towns- London, York, and others bearing names that end in the suffix -cester and -caster; and Christianity. The Anglo-Saxons, who occupied the country after the Romans left, ignored the towns, chased Christianity into Wales, and gave their own names, such as Watling Street, to the Roman roads. Fragmentary knowledge of England in the 5th and 6th centuries comes from the British writer Gildas (6th century), the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (a history of the English people begun in the 9th century), saints' lives, poetry, archaeological findings, and place-name studies. In the absence of Roman administrators, British warlords, nominally Christian, ruled small, unstable kingdoms and continued some Roman traditions of governance. In the mid-5th century, they revived the Roman policy of hiring Germanic mercenaries to help defend them against warlike peoples of the north (Picts and Scots). The Saxon merc... Free Essays on Anglo Saxon Free Essays on Anglo Saxon The Anglo-Saxon period extends from about 450 to 1066, the year of the Norman-French conquest of England. The Germanic tribes from Europe who overran England in the 5th century, after the Roman withdrawal, brought with them the Old English, or Anglo-Saxon, language, which is the roots for Modern English. They also brought a specific poetic tradition which is the formal character of which remained surprisingly constant until the termination of their rule by the Norman-French invaders six centuries later. Britain in the third and fourth centuries felt the decline of the Roman Empire. An official known as the count of the Saxon Shore oversaw defenses against raids by Saxons and others along the North Sea coast. Would-be emperors stripped Britain of its occupying forces, moving the legions elsewhere to serve their own political ambitions. In 410 Rome abandoned Britain. After nearly four centuries of occupation, it left little that was permanent: an excellent network of roads, the best Britain would have for 1400 years; the sites of a number of towns- London, York, and others bearing names that end in the suffix -cester and -caster; and Christianity. The Anglo-Saxons, who occupied the country after the Romans left, ignored the towns, chased Christianity into Wales, and gave their own names, such as Watling Street, to the Roman roads. Fragmentary knowledge of England in the 5th and 6th centuries comes from the British writer Gildas (6th century), the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (a history of the English people begun in the 9th century), saints' lives, poetry, archaeological findings, and place-name studies. In the absence of Roman administrators, British warlords, nominally Christian, ruled small, unstable kingdoms and continued some Roman traditions of governance. In the mid-5th century, they revived the Roman policy of hiring Germanic mercenaries to help defend them against warlike peoples of the north (Picts and Scots). The Saxon merc...

Argument about physically disabled people. We choose a Essay

Argument about physically disabled people. We choose a subject(physically disabled people) on which to alter people's thinking - Essay Example This greatly affects the quality of life people with disability can lead. The negative attitude stemming from the society leads to denial of opportunities for the physically disabled. Physical disability is not distant from everyone of us. Personally, I underwent a major surgery at 16 on my legs which forever changed my understanding of physical disability. The surgery culminated into a rare condition called Miserable Malalignment. Eventually, matters became so complicated for me that the doctors tried to perform a correction by aligning my legs through sawing both of my legs' bones in half, twisting them to the right place and eventually using screws to keep them in place. This condition prevented me from going on with normal life and every aspect of my life was interrupted including my studies. I had become a physically disabled person. Coping with the situation was hard because I had always believed that physical disability was a condition one was born with. Therefore for me becoming physically disabled at age 16 was something I least expected. Of all facets in life, it is my schooling and social life that was worst affected. In terms of schooling I had to change from school based learning to home based schooling just because the school I had been attending had not put in place facilities for the physically disabled. This negatively affected my performance in school. During this time I came to understand how the society had been unfair to the physically disabled. The fact that my school lacked or did not have elevators or ramps dawned on me. It led me to look around and I found that very few schools had in place facilities for the physically disabled. Although the government has come up with reforms specifically those aimed at integrating special education to regular schools this has not been widespread as many schools, churches, hospitals, cinema theatres, shopping malls as well as other public places lack facilities for the physically disabled. My social life was equally affected considering the fact that prior to my surgery I had made friends. This enabled me to understand how society views people with social disability specifically how the society lacks important information on physical disability. The fact that friends deserted me was a clear indication that the society has formed very baseless attitudes towards people with disability. The mere sight of a physically disabled person in a wheelchair is enough to cause people to run away from those they are supposed to offer care to. I realized that there are very many stereotypes which have been formed by the society about physical disability. The society does not understand th at disability is not inability. Therefore it is not rare to hear cases of physically disabled people who are qualified being denied opportunities because the stereotype that; disabled people cannot perform like non-disabled people, is very rife in the community. There is even belief in some communities that physical disability is communicable or contagious and therefore if one is physically disabled, friends and foes alike tend to keep a 'safe' distance. The stereotypes formed around physical disability go in as far as making some parents or caregivers to fail to take physically disabled children to school because they hold the belief that physical

Rethorical anlysis of the smoker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rethorical anlysis of the smoker - Essay Example Upon any further contemplation, a reader will stumble at the question whether choosing a life-partner is such a light matter as it is presented in the story. Schickler does not show any clear hints that the way Nicole chooses Douglas as her life-partner is wrong. Rather Schickler refers to the glaring flaws of traditional arranged marriage by presenting the ironies in a light tone. From the beginning to the end, the story flows at a smooth and easily palatable speed. But the readers cannot but raise their brows when they find Nicole’s father to propose Douglas at their first encounter. From here a reader’s reasoning starts and necessarily has to focus on Douglas’s and Nicole’s personality traits. Until then, a reader reads the story as a traditional story of a school girl’s romantic infatuation with her 12 years older teacher. What is disturbing in Samson’s approach to her daughter’s marriage with Douglass is that he makes its justifia ble depending on his own conjugal life. He refutes Douglass’s objection to the age gap on the ground that he has â€Å"got twelve years on Paulette† (Schickler 5). It essentially reveals that Samson’s judgment about the compatibility between his daughter and Douglass is self-centered.

Marketing strategies in different markets of ferrari

Marketing strategies in different markets of ferrari The sports car brand Ferrari when focused, I analyzed their success and marketing strategies in different markets, one the German and second Italian market and worldwide. For information I used business theories such as the product life cycle, marketing mix, analysis of positioning and segmentation. These two large economically stable countries are different; Ferrari does not make many differences in the way of selling cars. The company being recognized by its rearing- stallion logo is up to speed. The Italian Co. volume sales to build its status brand by producing 6,400 high-performance sports cars a year, with the initial price about $140,000. GT and sports model include models like Spider, Scaglietti and Ferrari California. The companys F1 model brings Ferrari drivers close to the racing experience. Since 1947, the exclusive cars have been manufactured in Maranello, Italy and sold through strategically selected dealerships. Fiat S.p.A group holds 85% stake in Ferrari , Piero Ferra ri, son of Ferraris founder, owns 10%. Throughout the history of the company it has been noted for its continuous participation in racing mainly on Formula 1 where they have achieved great success. For the growth the company has launched a Ferrari World Theme Park in Abu Dhabi in the year 2010 which is also leading them to gain profits as people are attracted towards it. The sales have been increasing at an increasing rate from 2004-2008, in 2008 they had performed above average with a record breaking sales of above 6587 cars in a year for the first time, as result their turnover increased by 16% while the profit has been increased by ravishing 75%. But due recession hitting in fall 2008, the sales volume drastically fell by 85% in November 2008 (the sales reduced to 92 cars from 600 cars a month). As a result in 2009 there has been a fall in sales, turnover and profit. INTRODUCTION The history of Ferrari is incomplete without mentioning that Enzo Ferrari worked for Alfa Romeo from 1920-1929, after which he raced for another 10years for Alfas. From the time he was 12 he knew he wanted to be a race driver, the dream which he achieved at Alfa and adopted the cavallino, or prancing horse, insignia for his Alfa race car. In 1929 Enzo left Alfa to start his privately owned Alfa Romeo racing team known as Scuderia Ferrari in Modena. Scuderia Ferrari did not race cars with the name Ferrari; the Ferrari shop built its first car in Modena in 1937 the Alfa Romeo 158 Grand Prix Racer. The first championship they got was in 1952-1953 season. Ferrari started making sports cars in order to finance his Grand Prix and Le Mans adventures. Ferrari headed the company until he stepped down in 1971 and died in his hometown of Modena. His name is the most famous in motor sports. In 1952 the emblem of the prancing horse was created which is still used today. THE MARKET ENVIORNMENT:- The geographical market: in todays market Ferrari is facing tough competitors like Lamborghini, Porsche, BMW and Aston Martin. To survive in the market the competitors try and make highly innovative designs and high quality performance. They are in an automotive industry and have a subsidiary type of business and it was started by Enzo Ferrari. The headquarters of Ferrari are located in Maranello, Italy. It had remarkable revenue à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1,921 million (2008). The owners of Ferrari are Fiat group 85%, Mubadala Development Company 5%. PEST-G analysis:- Political: the environmental protection laws in the company have come out with launching eco-friendly system in the car which will reduce pollution in the atmosphere, which politically will affect the taxation system as the consumers demand will increase. Economic: in the economic conditions Ferrari tries to be successful and profitable at any time because it affects its capital cost and demand. The timing and relative success of the company can be influenced by the economic conditions. The government decision plays an important role in the companys progress. Social: it depicts the demand and taste of the consumer demanded by the company which varies with the fashion and disposable income. Ferrari organization should be aware of the demographic changes such as the structure of the population by ages, affluence, regions and numbers working. Technology: the company tries to launch the latest technology for its automobiles as a competitive advantage for itself but it should keep in mind that technological breakthroughs can create new industries which might prove a treat to itself. On the other hand new technology could provide a useful input, in both manufacturing and service industries. THE COMPETITION The main competitors: in the market of Ferrari the competitors it faces are Lamborghini, BMW, Porsche and Aston Martin which has better performance and color and high quality maintenance Ferrari could face tough competition in the following. Sales and profit trend: The Middle Eastern and Far Asian sales of the competitive company has increased from 15.0-21.8% and also increased the unit sales from 2406-2430, which means the growth of 1%. The profit reports a decrease in worldwide sales for the first six months of the financial year 2009, in spite of which the company is still maintaining overall profitability among the major markets. Market Share: the company car tax efficiency, class-leading residual values and whole life costs have resulted in competitors winning a record share of the UK contract hire and leasing market. The competitors share of market has reached an all-time high of 8.8%-2.7% points up on the previous results. Target Markets: the competitors target market is upper-class people with high level of income. They focus on a person who mostly looks for luxury. In the future automobiles will have tough competition for selling the most environmental friendly vehicles. THE COMPANY Sales and profit trend: Ferrari announced a significant increase in both profits and sales for the second quarter of 2010, driven by the success of two new models, the California and 485, as well as demands for Ferrari 599 GTO. Revenue rose 8.6% year on year to EUR488m Euro and vehicle unit sales were 2.6% up at 1,615 units. Trading profit was up 10% to EUR77m. Market share: the companys total sales were 3,226 cars for customers around the world but it was 8% less compared to the year 2008. The market share price was up but was low on sales as the share increased by 10 to 32.8% in 2009. Business sector: the company was found in 1947 by Enzo Ferrari in Italy. They had highest sales was in the year 2008 despite seeing the period of recession. It has achieved one of the highest awards which were in the year 1997 (FCA) which was given in the annual meet, it also achieved the Platino Award for its reorganization. Project focus: the product of the company is an automobile, the brand name is Ferrari, it has launched models such as- Ferrari 308 GT4, Ferrari 550 Maranello, Ferrari 360 Modena Spider, Ferrari Challenge Stardale, Ferrari 430 Monza and many more. Their main segment is focused on F1 races. It mostly races in Italian and Australian Grand Prix. SWOT analysis :- STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Extremely strong brand image Takes on new challenges on a constant basis Innovation Technology are key drivers behind the product Is looked upon as a status symbol. Ferraris business model, based around low volumes, removes the possibility of employing certain technological solutions Some models also limit their sales volumes even though a lot more demand is present in the market Due to their waiting list model, they lose out on customers to the competition A big challenge lying in wait is fuel efficiency emissions which are growing in importance every day, OPPERTUNITIES THREATS Growth in global market for high-performance super-cars due to growing economies developing nations Expansion of the brand through entering into new important automotive markets like India wherein competitors like Porsche have already set up base Enlargement of customer base maintaining Ferrari characteristics-performance, style and exclusivity. Development of technology has opened up new avenues to explore for their products. Tough competition from other iconic super car brands like Lamborghini Porsche. Automotive policies being pushed by countries continents all over the world which are being strictly enforced like the emission norms of 130g/km of CO2 are very difficult to keep up with due to the performance oriented nature of the engines built by Ferrari A competing brand like Porsche does not follow the same low volumes, high on exclusivity model which is followed by Ferrari hence sells a lot more of its products. THE COMPANYS MARKETING STRATEGY Segmentation:- demographic segmentation defines market accordingly White / Caucasian 89% Age 51.5 Married 83% Total in household- 2.94 Total of children 0.75 Education 79% Psychological Segmentation identifies market according to lifestyle characteristics Targeting: the identification of target markets based on the regional, urban, or rural locations of the customers. The company has different models of vehicles to help each individual accomplish a safe drive where ever they are coming from. Positioning: Ferrari is a car in the Super Luxury sub- category and is distinctly more expensive compared to the luxury cars such as BMW, Lexus and Mercedes. It is probably the only car maker that never worries at competition price its name is unmatchable. It is one of a kind automobile that doesnt need to be compared to other brands since it has a well-developed name in the cars market. The latest innovation is the 360 Modena, the 360 Modena combines Ferrari heritage with innovation. Differentiation/Low Cost Leadership/Focus: it is a unique automotive which painted in race red as this was the customary national racing color of Italy. The company is currently focusing on its own performance in Abu Dhabi. Growth strategy: the company opens an office in Dubai airport free zone, sales have been in double digits in the last couple of years. It is only natural to open a regional office in Dubai which is experiencing rapid economic growth along with the UAE and the entire Gulf region. THE MARKETING MIX Product:- Vehicles of high performance Carrazzeria Scagliette- program to allow clients to personalizing their cars A statement of class. Price: least expensive Ferrari: 360 Modena-$170,200 and most expensive Ferrari: Enzo- $700,000. Place:- 1 location in Vancouver 2 locations in Toronto 1 location in Montreal Location in Yorkville and Woodbridge Promotion:- F1 advertise through their use of F1 race car Brochure information about the different models. Reputation Relay on words of mouth, since the car meets a small amount of societies demand( cost)they expect customers who have interest to visit a dealership for more information Ferrari knows well of their clients. People, processes, physical evidence:- the 2010 Ferrari 458 Italia would be headline news from any car company since it is an attempt to bring forward the concept of an exotic sports car into an age more conscious of efficiency EVALUATION OF THE COMPANYS STATEGIES AND TACTICS Evaluation of the companys current position: currently the company has closed the quarter with a trading profit of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬39 million. The decline was attributable on one side, to a less favorable product mix and, on the other hand, to the fact that newly -released F458 Italia provided a limited contribution for the period. The success of 8- cylinder models continued in the first quarter of 2010, with numerous awards and recognitions being received by the California and the F458 Italia. Evidence of the companys success:- Ferrari SpA, the maker of the $228,000 California supercar, will increase profit by more than 10% this year , helped by a surge in demand in emerging markets, said Chairman Luca Cordero di Montezemolo. Ferraris earnings before interest, taxes and one-time gains / losses, or trading profit increased by 10% to 77 million Euros in second quarter as the revenues increased. China sales increased 20% in the first half. The company was also successful in launching the Ferrari Theme Park in Abu Dhabi. Prospects for future growth/success: the luxury car maker company plans to start selling in India in the beginning of the year.2012 Ferrari 458 Italia Spider is the future model to be launched although it hasnt been officially announced, an open-up version of the 458 Italia is on its way in 2011 and the 2013, the final addition to the Italia lineup will be the Scuderia track model, which will leave behind some luxury in return for less weight improved performance. BCG MATRIX The company is large enough to be organized into strategic business sector facing the challenge. Cash cows: Ferrari has a vast market share in a slow growing industry. Cash cows require investment and generate cash which can be used to invest in other business units. Star: the company is leading in the high growth markets. They are generating huge amount of cash from the F1 races and have also used cash for launching new projects. Question marks: the company did not achieve a dominant market position, and do not generate much cash. Due to growth of the market they use most of the cash. The company by launching new sports cars and taking part in races is a rapidly growing market. Dogs: comparing to the Ferrari company sports cars other company cars have little future as they gain less cash by virtue of their low market share. CONCLUSION By analyzing the above report I can conclude the company is doing good as its sales and profit are good even in this time of recession compared to other competitive companies (i.e Lamborghini, Porsche, Maserati etc). Also their future projects are interesting which will attract the young generation. Ferrari achieves most of its success from the Formula 1 races by wining many awards, and also they have been successful in their recent launch of the Theme Park and aiming to launch more in other countries APPENDICES